Laser Diagnostics Faculty

Richard K. Chang <richard.chang@yale.edu>

Dr. Chang is currently researching linear and nonlinear laser scattering from dielectric and metallic microparticles and from surfaces and bulk condensed matter. He is developing new optical diagnostic techniques that are applicable to combustion systems.

• "Stimulated Low-Frequency Emission from Anisotropic Molecules in Microdroplets," J.L. Cheung, A.S. Kwok, K.A. Juvan, D.H. Leach, and R.K. Chang, Chem. Phys. Lett., 213, 309 (1993).
• "Precession of Morphology-Dependent Resonances in Non-Spherical Droplets," J.C. Swindal, D.H. Leach, R.K. Chang, and K. Young, Opt. Lett., 18, 191 (1993).
• "Third Order Sum Frequency Generation in Droplets: Experimental Results," D.H. Leach, R.K. Chang, W.P. Acker, and S.C. Hill, JOSA B, 10, 34 (1993).

Alessandro Gomez <alessandro.gomez@yale.edu>

The primary research focus of Dr. Gomez is spray combustion. He is using various liquid dispersion techniques to study well-defined and well-controlled spray flames that are burnt under either laminar or turbulent conditions. His other research centers on the transport and burning of organic and inorganic "soot."

• "Vortex-Induced Extinction Behavior in Methanol Gaseous Flames: A Comparison with Quasi-steady Extinction," V.S. Santoro, D C. Kyritsis, A. Liñán and A. Gomez, to appear in Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Edinburgh, UK, August 2000.

• "Propagation of Edge Flames in Couterflow Mixing Layers," V.S. Santoro, A. Liñán and A. Gomez, to appear in Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Edinburgh, UK, August 2000.

• "Self-similarity, Momentum Scaling and Reynolds Stress in Turbulent Spray Flames," A. Karpetis and A. Gomez, Journal of Fluid Mech., 397, 231 (1999).

Victor E. Henrich <victor.henrich@yale.edu>

Dr. Henrich is currently studying the surface and bulk electronic structure of metal oxides. He measures fundamental surface electronic properties by using a wide range of surface-sensitive electron spectroscopies, including resonant photo-emission measurements of orbital hybridization in and on metal oxides. He is also interested in molecular chemisorption and the interfacial properties of oxides with metal overlayers. He has recently initiated model studies of the photochemistry of atmospheric processes on transition-metal-oxide aerosols.

• "Electronic Structure of Mineral Surfaces," V.E. Henrich, The Physics and Chemistry of Mineral Surfaces, ed. P.V. Brady (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, in press).
• "Effect of Hole Doping on the Electronic Structure of Nd_1-xSr_xTiO₃," S.W. Robey, V.E. Henrich, C. Eylem and B.W. Eichhorn, Phys. Rev. B, 52, 2395 (1995).
• "Surface Electronic Structure of V₂0₅(001): Defect States and Chemisorption," Z. Zhang and V.E. Henrich, Surf. Sci., 321, 33 (1994).

Roman Kuc <roman.kuc@yale.edu>

Dr. Kuc uses the physical principles governing sensor operation and prior knowledge to enhance parameter estimation and system identification. He approaches problems by using analysis, simulations, and processing of real data. He explores procedures motivated by biological sensing systems, such as echolocating bats and dolphins and applies them to task-oriented problems in robotics.

• "Mobile Robot Sonar for Target Localization and Classification," L. Kleeman and R. Kuc, Intl. J. Robotics Res., 14(4), 295 (1995).
• "Sensorimotor Model of Bat Echolocation and Prey Capture," R. Kuc, J. Acoust. Soc. America, 96(4), 1965 (1994).
• "A Physical Model-Based Analysis of Heterogeneous Environments Using Sonar-ENDURA Method," O. Bozma and R. Kuc, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 16(5), 497 (1994).

Marshall B. Long marshall.long@yale.edu>

Dr. Long is pursuing the development of laser diagnostics for the analysis of reacting and nonreacting flows. He uses laser light scattering techniques for measuring temperature, species, and velocity in laminar as well as turbulent flows, with emphasis on obtaining quantitative, multidimensional data that can be compared with computations and models.

• "An Intracavity Technique for Improved Raman/Rayleigh Imaging in Flames," D.F. Marran, J.H. Frank, M.B. Long, S.H. Stårner, and R.W. Bilger, Opt. Lett., 20, 791 (1995).
• "Mixture Fraction Imaging in Turbulent Nonpremixed Hydrocarbon Flames," J.H. Frank, K.M. Lyons, D.F. Marran, M.B. Long, S.H. Stårner, and R.W. Bilger, 25th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, 1994), p. 1159.
• "Multi-Dimensional Imaging in Combusting Flows by Lorenz-Mie, Rayleigh, and Raman Scattering," M.B. Long, Instrumentation for Flows with Combustion, A.K.M.P. Taylor, ed. (Academic Press, London, 1993), p. 467.

Mitchell D. Smooke <mitchell.smooke@yale.edu>

Dr. Smooke is researching the area of computational combustion. Current research involves computational studies of NO_x and soot formation in flames, the modeling of multi- dimensional premixed and nonpremixed flames on shared memory parallel supercomputers, flamelet models for turbulent reacting flows, microgravity combustion and modeling of solid propellant combustion.

• "Predictions of Soot Dynamics in Opposed Jet Diffusion Flames," R.J. Hall, M.D. Smooke, and M.B. Colket, Comb. Sci. & Tech. (in press).
• "Primitive Variable Modeling of Multidimensional Laminar Flames," Y. Xu, M.D. Smooke, P. Lin, and M.B. Long, Comb. Sci. & Tech., 90, 289 (1993).
• "Experimental and Computed Profiles of Radical Species and Temperature in Two-Dimensional Methane/Air Diffusion Flames,"  K.C. Smyth, T.S. Norton, J.H. Miller, and M.D. Smooke, Comb. Sci. & Tech., 90, 1 (1993).

Recent Ph.D. Theses Related to Laser Diagnostics:

• "Quantitative Characterization of a Laminar Axisymmetric, Nitrogen-Diluted Methane-Air Diffusion Flame," Ping Lin, 1995.
• "Multi-Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Combustion," Jonathan H. Frank, 1995.
• "Interaction of a Train of Picosecond Laser Pulses with Microdroplets," Janice L. Cheung, 1995.
• "In-situ Characterization Techniques for Droplets and Sprays Using Nonlinear Optics," J. Christian Swindal, 1994.
• "Vorticity-Velocity Modeling of Chemically Reacting Flows," Alexander Ern, 1994.
• "Low Frequency Adsorbate-Substrate Dynamics for CO/Cu Studied with Infrared Synchrotron Radiation," Carol J. Hirschmugl, 1994.